Rubidium

37
Rb
Golongan
1
Periode
5
Blok
s
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
37
37
48
Sifat Umum
Nomor atom
37
Massa atom
85,4678
Nomor massa
85
Kategori
Logam alkali
Warna
Perak
Radioaktif
Tidak
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Struktur kristal
Kubik Berpusat-badan
Sejarah
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.

The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.

The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Elektron per kulit
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 5s1
Rb
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Sifat Fisika
Fase
Solid
Kepadatan
1,532 g/cm3
Titik lebur
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Titik didih
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Kalor peleburan
2,19 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan
72 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar
0,363 J/g·K
Kelimpahan di kerak bumi
0,006%
Kelimpahan di alam semesta
1×10-6%
Rubidium
Kredit Gambar: Wikimedia Commons (Dnn87)
Rubidium metal sample from the Dennis s.k collection
Nomor CAS
7440-17-7
Nomor PubChem CID
5357696
Sifat Atom
Jari-jari atom
248 pm
Jari-jari kovalen
220 pm
Elektronegativitas
0,82 (Skala Pauling)
Potensi Ionisasi
4,1771 eV
Volume atom
55,9 cm3/mol
Kondusivitas termal
0,582 W/cm·K
Bilangan oksidasi
-1, 1
Aplikasi
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.

Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.

Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.

Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Isotop
Isotop stabil
85Rb
Isotop tidak stabil
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb