Zirkonium
40
Zr
Golongan
4
Periode
5
Blok
d
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
40
40
51
Sifat Umum
Nomor atom
40
Massa atom
91,224
Nomor massa
91
Kategori
Logam transisi
Warna
Perak
Radioaktif
Tidak
From the Persian zargun, gold like
Struktur kristal
Segienam Sederhana
Sejarah
Zirconium was first recognized as an element by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1789, in Berlin, in a sample of zircon from Sri Lanka.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Elektron per kulit
2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
The most common oxide is zirconium dioxide, also referred to as zirconia
Sifat Fisika
Fase
Solid
Kepadatan
6,506 g/cm3
Titik lebur
2128,15 K | 1855 °C | 3371 °F
Titik didih
4682,15 K | 4409 °C | 7968,2 °F
Kalor peleburan
21 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan
580 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar
0,278 J/g·K
Kelimpahan di kerak bumi
0,013%
Kelimpahan di alam semesta
5×10-6%
Kredit Gambar: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Two samples of crystal bar showing different surface textures as well as a highly pure zirconium cube for comparison
Nomor CAS
7440-67-7
Nomor PubChem CID
23995
Sifat Atom
Jari-jari atom
160 pm
Jari-jari kovalen
175 pm
Elektronegativitas
1,33 (Skala Pauling)
Potensi Ionisasi
6,6339 eV
Volume atom
14,0 cm3/mol
Kondusivitas termal
0,227 W/cm·K
Bilangan oksidasi
1, 2, 3, 4
Aplikasi
Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although it is used in small amounts as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is considered to be non-toxic
Isotop
Isotop stabil
90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 94ZrIsotop tidak stabil
78Zr, 79Zr, 80Zr, 81Zr, 82Zr, 83Zr, 84Zr, 85Zr, 86Zr, 87Zr, 88Zr, 89Zr, 93Zr, 95Zr, 96Zr, 97Zr, 98Zr, 99Zr, 100Zr, 101Zr, 102Zr, 103Zr, 104Zr, 105Zr, 106Zr, 107Zr, 108Zr, 109Zr, 110Zr