Vanadium
23
V
Golongan
5
Periode
4
Blok
d
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
23
23
28
Sifat Umum
Nomor atom
23
Massa atom
50,9415
Nomor massa
51
Kategori
Logam transisi
Warna
Perak
Radioaktif
Tidak
Dinamakan dari nama Dewi Skandinavia, Vanadis
Struktur kristal
Kubik Berpusat-badan
Sejarah
Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
Elektron per kulit
2, 8, 11, 2
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia
Sifat Fisika
Fase
Solid
Kepadatan
6,11 g/cm3
Titik lebur
2183,15 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F
Titik didih
3680,15 K | 3407 °C | 6164,6 °F
Kalor peleburan
22,8 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan
453 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar
0,489 J/g·K
Kelimpahan di kerak bumi
0,019%
Kelimpahan di alam semesta
0,0001%
Nomor CAS
7440-62-2
Nomor PubChem CID
23990
Sifat Atom
Jari-jari atom
134 pm
Jari-jari kovalen
153 pm
Elektronegativitas
1,63 (Skala Pauling)
Potensi Ionisasi
6,8281 eV
Volume atom
8,78 cm3/mol
Kondusivitas termal
0,307 W/cm·K
Bilangan oksidasi
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplikasi
Vanadium is used as an additive in steel to strengthen and protect against corrosion.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
All vanadium compounds should be considered toxic
Isotop
Isotop stabil
51VIsotop tidak stabil
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V