Indium

49
In
Golongan
13
Periode
5
Blok
p
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
49
49
66
Sifat Umum
Nomor atom
49
Massa atom
114,818
Nomor massa
115
Kategori
Logam pasca-​transisi
Warna
Perak
Radioaktif
Tidak
From the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum
Struktur kristal
Tetragonal Terpusat
Sejarah
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.

As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.

Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Elektron per kulit
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
In
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Sifat Fisika
Fase
Solid
Kepadatan
7,31 g/cm3
Titik lebur
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Titik didih
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Kalor peleburan
3,26 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan
230 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar
0,233 J/g·K
Kelimpahan di kerak bumi
0,000016%
Kelimpahan di alam semesta
3×10-8%
Ingot
Kredit Gambar: Images-of-elements
Ingot of 40 grams of indium
Nomor CAS
7440-74-6
Nomor PubChem CID
5359967
Sifat Atom
Jari-jari atom
167 pm
Jari-jari kovalen
142 pm
Elektronegativitas
1,78 (Skala Pauling)
Potensi Ionisasi
5,7864 eV
Volume atom
15,7 cm3/mol
Kondusivitas termal
0,816 W/cm·K
Bilangan oksidasi
1, 2, 3
Aplikasi
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.

It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.

It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotop
Isotop stabil
113In
Isotop tidak stabil
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In