Berilium
4
Be
Golongan
2
Periode
2
Blok
s
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
4
4
5
Sifat Umum
Nomor atom
4
Massa atom
9,012182
Nomor massa
9
Kategori
Logam alkali tanah
Warna
Biru Keabu-abuan
Radioaktif
Tidak
Dari kata Yunani berylios, beril
Struktur kristal
Segienam Sederhana
Sejarah
Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin discovered beryllium in the oxide form in both beryl and emeralds in 1798.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Elektron per kulit
2, 2
Konfigurasi elektron
[He] 2s2
Emerald is a naturally occurring compound of beryllium
Sifat Fisika
Fase
Solid
Kepadatan
1,85 g/cm3
Titik lebur
1560,15 K | 1287 °C | 2348,6 °F
Titik didih
2742,15 K | 2469 °C | 4476,2 °F
Kalor peleburan
7,95 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan
297 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar
1,825 J/g·K
Kelimpahan di kerak bumi
0,00019%
Kelimpahan di alam semesta
1×10-7%
Nomor CAS
7440-41-7
Nomor PubChem CID
5460467
Sifat Atom
Jari-jari atom
112 pm
Jari-jari kovalen
96 pm
Elektronegativitas
1,57 (Skala Pauling)
Potensi Ionisasi
9,3227 eV
Volume atom
4,9 cm3/mol
Kondusivitas termal
2,01 W/cm·K
Bilangan oksidasi
1, 2
Aplikasi
Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium and its salts are toxic and should be handled with the greatest of care
Isotop
Isotop stabil
9BeIsotop tidak stabil
5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be, 14Be, 15Be, 16Be